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Jews Non Traditional HistoryTo show the circumstances in which the Jews started trading: the historical and geographical facts. With this we overcome the stigma why some researchers avoided involvement.To confirm that the Diaspora was not caused by an accidental historical fact, and less by a Yahveh as punishment or promise of an award of return. To analyze the extent of the Abraham Leon Theory in the sense that it does not mean that Jews were only merchants, but that their commercial, administrative and other connected activities were relevant in Jews emplacements in the societies where they live. To contribute to the understanding of fundamental historical facts such as the Diaspora, Anti-Semitism and Persecutions. THE JEWS IN THE II AND I MILLENNIA B.C.I. The Canaanite CorridorThe geographical and historical implacement. The physical environment and the historical background in which the Jewish People developed. Canaan-Palestine in the crossroads of the Eastern and Western World, the obliged path of coming and going caravans to Africa, Asia and Europe, it was also the meeting place between the two great Near East Empires: The Egypt Empires and those of Minor Asia and Mesopotamia. The roll of commerce in natural Economies. The analyze of exchange forms and its development in Near East. The Canaanite, an advanced civilization. When the Hebrew-Israelites arrived the Promised Land they found that the peoples they met had a civilization with a structured society and an important experience in commerce. They conquered them and learned about their knowledge and organization. The Phoenicians, the Canaanite seamen. A people who soon would became valued neighbors and allies. The domination of the coast board plain. The important significance of coast plain domination by Hittites and Egyptian specially, while they left away the high regions..II. The Hebrews in the HistoryThe Patriarchs. The evaluation of their existence in the Late Bronze Age. The Stay in Egypt. About the possible stay and Exodus. The akhenatonic monotheism. About Moise myth and his possible origin.III. The Jewish Ethnical FormationThe confluence of different tribal groups. A process with an important number of different tribes gathered to form Israelite-Jewish ethnic. The habiru and the shosu. The occupation of Canaanite territory, strongly linked to commerce The settlement and the assimilation.IV V. Reconstructing History and the Inflexion Point.The Monarchy. A period that not for being closer, the traditional asserts of the validity of Monarchy are not less questioned. Thanks to archeological searches we could get other important historical views. The unknown Israel kingdom. The Omridas and Jehu Dynasties whose knowledge shadow the well valued David and Solomon kingships. The formation and the start of the state. The Phoenician connection. The neighbors and allies of Israel. The fall of Israel and the Lost Tribes. The birth of a legend.- Judah, the heir kingdom. Their prosperity and abrupt fall. The Destruction of The First Temple.VI. The Crusade of Monotheism.The conformation of the Religion. One of the particularism of Jewish People The Prophets, whose preaches of purity and ascetism confront with the corruption and idolatry that the contact with Canaanites implied. A change that some of them didn't understand but they finally accepted. A deal which lead to a humanistic, universalistic and social extending of the religion. The centralism and the fight of the control of the Temple. A stage of the development .VII. The Diaspora.A hinge in the period of the Jewish History. We have analyzed the process of the Diaspora trying to take away the traditional and ethnocentric focuses. A process where the geographical and historical situations flow with the economical and demographical expansion.VIII. From the Exile to the Herodian Period.The Babylonian period. The Persian domination. The Hellenism arriving. The Macabea rebellion. The Asmonean state. The Herodian period.IX. The Hellenistic World.The expansion. The Egypt of Lagide. The assert Jews in Egypt.X. The Roman Replacement.The Roman arrive, a period which will make up a fundamental change for Jews in the Mediterranean World. The conflict of Alexandria, which will mark that process. The 66-73 rebellion. An Ethnical (Social and Religious) movement. The Destruction of the Second Temple. The last revolts. The end of Jewish flowerishment in the Ancient World.XI. The Last Weft.The oscillate politics of the Romaine towards the Jews. A general attitude of the society during the Lower Empire and later during the High Middle Age. The anti-Semitism. How it started, its roots in the natural economies; the Jews placement in that context.THE JEWS IN THE I AND II MILLENNIA A.DI- From the Low Empire to the High Middle Age.The arrival of German tribes. The economy of the Low Empire. From natural to mercantile economies. The feudalism.II.- The Arrival of Jews to Western Europe.The Jews general situation. The Jews in Italy. The Jews in France.III.- The Jews in the Iberian Peninsula.The myths and legends versus the Epigraphy and Archaeology. The geographical distribution of Jews in Romaine and Visigoth Spain. In the Christian Arrian Spain. In the Catholic Spain. The arrival of muslimsIV.- The ChristianismThe schism and Heresies. The religion and usury. Gregorio VII reformsV.- The II Millennium.The Spain reconquest. The Jews in England. The Crusades and the firsts Massacres. The expulsions of Western Europe.VI.- In Central and Eastern Europe.The middle time of a Golden Age. The discriminations, Residence Zone and pogroms |
